{"id":49,"date":"2020-03-24T18:24:07","date_gmt":"2020-03-24T17:24:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/?p=49"},"modified":"2025-02-26T15:06:50","modified_gmt":"2025-02-26T14:06:50","slug":"smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/2020\/03\/24\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\/","title":{"rendered":"Smarte T\u00fcrklingel mit dem ESP8266"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In diesem Projekt habe ich mit einem ESP8266 eine einfache T\u00fcrklingel smart gemacht. Sobald es an der T\u00fcr klingelt, wird eine MQTT-Nachricht verschickt. Es werden nur die folgende Komponenten ben\u00f6tigt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ESP8266<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Selbst gel\u00f6tete Platine<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Normale Hausklingel<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Das Prinzip<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>An einer normalen T\u00fcrklingel liegen, wenn der Klingelknopf gedr\u00fcckt wird eine 12 Volt Wechselspannung an (an den meisten Klingeln zumindest).<br>Diese wird mit einem Gleichrichter gleichgerichtet, also in eine Gleichspannung verwandelt (siehe Bild 1). Diese Gleichspannung aktiviert einen Optokoppler. Mehr dazu kann man dem Schaltplan entnehmen (siehe Bild 2). Dadurch, dass der Optokoppler einen Kurzschluss zwischen <code>GND<\/code> und <code>RESET<\/code> des ESP erzeugt, wacht der ESP auf  und sendet ein Signal per MQTT an den Server.  Dabei schickt er auch noch seine BatteryVoltage (eigentlich CORE-Spannung, da ich aber nicht <code>Vin<\/code> nutze, sondern direkt 3.3V speise ist das egal) mit. Dieser wurde vorher in den Deepsleep versetzt.  Das Batteriefach welches ich nutze, hat leider einen Vorwiederstand, dieser ist f\u00fcr uns aber nur hinderlich und wird \u00fcberbr\u00fcckt. Der Code ist auch auf <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/TheGreyDiamond\/SmartDoorBell\/\">Github verf\u00fcgbar.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"234\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/DS0002.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-112\" style=\"width:671px;height:491px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bild 1 (Gelb: Klingeltrafo, Blau: Nach dem Gleichrichter)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1044\" height=\"636\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/schematicV2.png\" alt=\"schematicV2 - Schaltplan\" class=\"wp-image-111\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bild 2 (Der Schaltplan)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Um kurz meinen Code zu erkl\u00e4ren: Zuerst wird der ADC (AnalogDigitalConverter) auf &#8220;ADC_VCC&#8221; gesetzt, das bedeutet das der ADC die interne CPU-Spannung misst. Im Abschnitt &#8220;WiFi Access Point&#8221; m\u00fcssen die WLAN Anmeldedaten eingegeben werden. Also <code>WLAN_SSID<\/code> muss die WLAN SSID sein, <code>WLAN_PASS<\/code> muss das WLAN-Passwort sein. Wichtig ist auch der &#8220;MQTT Server Setup&#8221; Abschnitt. Dort m\u00fcssen die MQTT Serveranmeldedaten eingegeben werden. In Feeds werden zwei Feeds definiert, einmal <code>photocell<\/code>, dieser wird auf 1 gesetzt wenn es klingelt, <code>battery<\/code> sendet den Batterieladezustand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Der Code<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"cpp\" class=\"language-cpp line-numbers\">ADC_MODE(ADC_VCC);\n\n#include &lt;ESP8266WiFi.h&gt;\n#include \"Adafruit_MQTT.h\"\n#include \"Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h\"\n\n\/************************* WiFi Access Point *********************************\/\n\n#define WLAN_SSID       \"\"\n#define WLAN_PASS       \"\"\n\n\/************************* MQTT Server Setup *********************************\/\n\n#define AIO_SERVER      \"server\"\n#define AIO_SERVERPORT  1883                   \/\/ use 8883 for SSL\n#define AIO_USERNAME    \"\"\n#define AIO_KEY         \"\"\n\n\/************ Global State (you don't need to change this!) ******************\/\n\n\/\/ Create an ESP8266 WiFiClient class to connect to the MQTT server.\nWiFiClient client;\n\/\/ or... use WiFiFlientSecure for SSL\n\/\/WiFiClientSecure client;\n\n\/\/ Setup the MQTT client class by passing in the WiFi client and MQTT server and login details.\nAdafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&amp;client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);\n\n\/****************************** Feeds ***************************************\/\n\n\nAdafruit_MQTT_Publish photocell = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&amp;mqtt, \"\/klingel\");\nAdafruit_MQTT_Publish battery = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&amp;mqtt, \"\/battery\");\n\n\n\/*************************** Sketch Code ************************************\/\n\nvoid MQTT_connect();\n\nvoid setup() {\n  Serial.begin(115200);\n  Serial.setTimeout(2000);\n  delay(10);\n\n  Serial.println(F(\"MQTT Tuerklingel\"));\n\n  \/\/ Connect to WiFi access point.\n  Serial.println(); Serial.println();\n  Serial.print(\"Connecting to \");\n  Serial.println(WLAN_SSID);\n\n  WiFi.begin(WLAN_SSID, WLAN_PASS);\n  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {\n    delay(500);\n    Serial.print(\".\");\n  }\n  Serial.println();\n\n  Serial.println(\"WiFi connected\");\n  Serial.println(\"IP address: \"); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());\n}\n\nuint32_t x = 0;\n\nvoid loop() {\n  yield();\n  MQTT_connect();\n\n  Serial.print(F(\"\\nSENDING door change \"));\n  Serial.print(1);\n  Serial.print(\"...\");\n  if (! photocell.publish(1)) {\n    Serial.println(F(\"Failed\"));\n  } else {\n    Serial.println(F(\"OK!\"));\n  }\n  Serial.print(F(\"\\nSENDING battery \"));\n  Serial.print(ESP.getVcc());\n  Serial.print(\"...\");\n  if (! battery.publish(ESP.getVcc())) {\n    Serial.println(F(\"Failed\"));\n  } else {\n    Serial.println(F(\"OK!\"));\n  }\n  delay(1000);\n  Serial.print(F(\"\\nSending RESET signal\"));\n  Serial.print(\"...\");\n  if (! photocell.publish(0)) {\n    Serial.println(F(\"Failed\"));\n  } else {\n    Serial.println(F(\"OK!\"));\n  }\n  Serial.println(F(\"Going to sleep!\"));\n  delay(20);\n\n  ESP.deepSleep(0);\n}\n\n\/\/ Function to connect and reconnect as necessary to the MQTT server.\n\/\/ Should be called in the loop function and it will take care if connecting.\nvoid MQTT_connect() {\n  int8_t ret;\n\n  \/\/ Stop if already connected.\n  if (mqtt.connected()) {\n    return;\n  }\n\n  Serial.print(\"Connecting to MQTT... \");\n\n  uint8_t retries = 3;\n  while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { \/\/ connect will return 0 for connected\n    Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));\n    Serial.println(\"Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...\");\n    mqtt.disconnect();\n    delay(5000);  \/\/ wait 5 seconds\n    retries--;\n    if (retries == 0) {\n      \/\/ basically die and wait for WDT to reset me\n      while (1);\n    }\n  }\n  Serial.println(\"MQTT Connected!\");\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Zuletzt fehlte nur noch ein passendes Geh\u00e4use. Die STL Datei des Geh\u00e4uses gibt es auch auf <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/TheGreyDiamond\/SmartDoorBell\/\">Github.<\/a> An den Pfosten auf welchen der ESP8266 gesteckt werden sollte, musste erst die Feile etwas nachhelfen. Dann wurde noch ein 3mm dickes Loch in den Deckel gebohrt, um die Leitungen der Klingel durchlassen zu k\u00f6nnen. Zuletzt noch ein paar Bilder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-4 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"115\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-115\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image002-676x507.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Leeres Geh\u00e4use<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"116\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image001-1-676x507.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Die Elektronik fertig verkabelt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"130\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"smarteKlingel geh\u00e4use\" class=\"wp-image-130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image004-676x507.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Das zusammen gebaute Geh\u00e4use<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"127\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"bat fach\" class=\"wp-image-127\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image003-676x507.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Batteriefach<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"zusammenbau\" class=\"wp-image-132\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/image005-676x507.jpg 676w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Alles zusammen Gebaut (offenes Geh\u00e4use)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Nachtrag:<\/strong> Dieses Projekt macht nur wirklich Sinn wenn man eine st\u00e4ndige Stromversorgung hat und das WLan stabil ist. Ich nutze mittlerweile die HmIP-DSD-PCB von Homematic.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In diesem Projekt habe ich mit einem ESP8266 eine einfache T\u00fcrklingel smart gemacht. Sobald es an der T\u00fcr klingelt, wird eine MQTT-Nachricht verschickt. Es werden nur die folgende Komponenten ben\u00f6tigt: Das Prinzip An einer normalen T\u00fcrklingel liegen, wenn der Klingelknopf gedr\u00fcckt wird eine 12 Volt Wechselspannung an (an den meisten Klingeln zumindest).Diese wird mit einem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[4,5,6,7,8,10],"class_list":["post-49","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-allgemein","tag-arduino","tag-diy","tag-esp8266","tag-iot","tag-smarthome","tag-tuerklingel","post-preview"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smarte T\u00fcrklingel mit dem ESP8266 &#8211; Thegreydiamond<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/2020\/03\/24\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Smarte T\u00fcrklingel mit dem ESP8266 &#8211; Thegreydiamond\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In diesem Projekt habe ich mit einem ESP8266 eine einfache T\u00fcrklingel smart gemacht. 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Es werden nur die folgende Komponenten ben\u00f6tigt: Das Prinzip An einer normalen T\u00fcrklingel liegen, wenn der Klingelknopf gedr\u00fcckt wird eine 12 Volt Wechselspannung an (an den meisten Klingeln zumindest).Diese wird mit einem [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/2020\/03\/24\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thegreydiamond\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-24T17:24:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-26T14:06:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thegreydiamond.de\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/DS0002.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"320\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"234\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"TheGreydiamond\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@thegreydiamond2\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@thegreydiamond2\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"TheGreydiamond\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"TheGreydiamond\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a7ba7a2ca50e4001f3f8f852c079910d\"},\"headline\":\"Smarte T\u00fcrklingel mit dem ESP8266\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-24T17:24:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-26T14:06:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":375,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/DS0002.png\",\"keywords\":[\"arduino\",\"DIY\",\"esp8266\",\"iot\",\"smarthome\",\"t\u00fcrklingel\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Allgemein\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thegreydiamond.de\\\/blog\\\/2020\\\/03\\\/24\\\/smarte-tuerklingel-mit-dem-esp8266\\\/\",\"name\":\"Smarte T\u00fcrklingel mit dem ESP8266 &#8211; 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